Urolithin ntụ ntụ

1.Urolithin A Backgroud

Mkpụrụ obi pọmigranet emeela ka ndị na-eme nchọpụta nyochaa ụzọ dị iche iche mkpụrụ osisi uhie a nwere ike isi mee ka anyị nwee ahụ ike. N’ime nchọpụta ha mere n’oge na-adịbeghị anya, ndị ọrụ nyocha Switzerland achọpụtala molekul ọhụrụ nke n’ịgbaze ogige abụọ achọtara n’ime pọmigranet: punicalagins na ellagitannins. Mkpụrụ ndụ a pụrụ iche, nke a maara dị ka urolithin A, na-enyere aka mee ka mitochondria dị ọhụrụ, ike ụlọ anyị. Urolithin A na-emepe ụzọ maka ọgwụgwọ ọgwụgwọ ọhụụ nwere ike ịgwọ ọrịa ndị metụtara afọ, gụnyere adịghị ike, nke bụ ihe dị egwu maka nkwarụ, ịga ụlọ ọgwụ, na ịnwụ anwụ.

2.Urolithin A Overview

Urolithin A bụ ihe ndị na-emepụta metabolite, nke bụ nke klaasị ihe ndị na-eme ihe a maara dị ka benzo-coumarins. Ọ bụ ngwaahịa ngwụcha nke ewepụtara site na iri nri nke nwere ellagitannins (polyphenols) ma nje bacteria nke ahụ mmadụ na-emegharị ahụ. N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ ọzọ, a na-emepụta Urolithin A mgbe mmadụ na-etinye nri nri nwere ellagitannins.

Urolithin A apụtaghị na ọdịdị ya na njedebe. Ellagitannin isi mmalite nri, dị ka ụdị mkpụrụ osisi ụfọdụ na pọmigranet, ka a ga-eji metabol bacteria kee ya. Iji mee ka ogige ahụ nwee ngwa ngwa, ọ ga-arụpụta ya na ụlọ nyocha, ma ọ bụ na okwu ndị ọzọ, a ga-emepụta Urolithin A artificial ka e wee nwee ike iji ya.

3.Urolithin A Mechanism of Action

Kedu otu Urolithin A si arụ ọrụ? Ellagic acids na Ellagitannins bụ Urolithin A nke bu ụzọ.

A na-edozi Ellagitannins site na eriri afọ iji wepụta Ellagic acid, nke a na-esikwa na microflora gut gaa urolithins site na ụba na-abawanye na 1 nke lactones abụọ ya na-anọchi anya nke ndị hydroxyl. Ozugbo Ọ na-eri na eriri afọ, mgbe ahụ Urolithin A ntụ ntụ na-abanye usoro usoro nke eriri afọ a.

Mitophagy, dị ka nkọwa Wikipedia si kwuo, bụ mbibi nhọrọ nke mitochondria gị site na autophagy. Ọ na - apụtakarị mitochondria nkwarụ na - esochi mmebi ma ọ bụ nrụgide. Kaosinadị, ka anyị na-etolite, ọrụ Mitophagy anaghị arụ ọrụ nke ọma. O di nwute, Urolithin A ka akwadoro iji kpalie mitophagy na usoro echekwara na umu di iche iche.

4.Uru/Mmetụta nke Urolithin A

Rol Urolithin A Na-enyere Aka Fightgụ Ọrịa Cancer

N'agbanyeghị nlekọta ịwa ahụ na ọgwụ na-eme ihe ike, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 50% nke ndị nwere ọrịa na-egbuke egbuke na-etolite etuto ugboro ugboro. Nke a nwere ike ịbụ otu akụkụ maka nlanarị nke sel ndị na - arịa ọrịa mkpụrụ akụ dị egwu na - eguzogide ọgwụ kemịkalụ dị adị ma na - eme dị ka '' mkpụrụ '' maka ọrịa kansa na-esote.
N'ime nchọpụta na-adọrọ mmasị, ndị nchọpụta kpughere mkpụrụ ndụ afọ-cancer mkpụrụ ndụ sitere na onye ọrịa nwere ọrịa mkpụrụ akụkụ na ngwakọta nwere 85% urolithin A ma ọ bụ 30% urolithin A. Nsonaazụ ahụ dị oke mma. Ngwakọta urolithin dị elu bụ ngwakọta kachasị dị irè na igbochi ọnụọgụ na ogo nke mkpụrụ ndụ mkpụrụ ndụ mkpụrụ ndụ na igbochi ọrụ nke aldehyde dehydrogenase, ihe nrịbama nke chemoresistance.

❷ Urolithin A - Mmetụta Neuroprotective

Enweela njikọ dị n'etiti pọmigranet na mmetụta ya na-adịghị emetụta ọrịa megide ọrịa Alzheimer n'ọmụmụ ihe ụmụ anụmanụ .8 Otú ọ dị, a maghị ihe ndị mejupụtara bioactive maka nke a ruo ugbu a.
A na-atụ anya na ọrịa Alzheimer ga-emetụta ihe karịrị nde mmadụ 115 n'ụwa niile site na afọ 2050. Otu ndị na-eme nchọpụta lere anya n'ọmụmụ anụmanụ gara aga nke kọọrọ banyere mgbochi Alzheimer nke pomegranate wepụ mejupụtara.
Ndị otu ahụ tụlere ikike nke ihe ndị a iji gafee ihe mgbochi ụbụrụ ọbara wee chọpụta na ụdị metrolated nke urolithin A (mUA), sitere na pọmigranet, yana urolithins ndị ọzọ nwere ike ime nke a.
Na, ọ bụ ezie na achọrọ nyocha ọzọ, ndị dere kwubiri na urolithins bụ ogige ndị nwere ike ibute nsogbu Alzheimer nke gụnyere nchebe megide neurotoxicity na b-amyloid fibrillation. Nsonaazụ ndị a na-ekwe nkwa, ma na-atụ aro mkpa ọ dị ịgagharị usoro enyemaka ndị ọzọ na-adabere n'okike iji gbochie ma ọ bụ belata usoro nke Alzheimer.
Nsonaazụ na data sitere n’ọmụmụ ihe dị iche iche a na-akwado nkwado nke polyphenol metabolite ogige dị ka urolithin A site na pọmigranet na ọrụ ha n’ọgụ a na-alụso ọrịa cancer na-arịa ọrịa neurodegenerative.
Nnyocha egosila na Urolithin A nwere ike melite ike na ntachi obi na ndị agadi. Nnyocha e mere na nso nso a na-egosi na ihe mbụ na-egosi na ọ ga-aba uru ndị ọzọ nke Urolithin A, nke gụnyere ihe ndị a:

-Anti-mkpali
-Anticarcinogenic
-Ngbanyeghachi
-Ngwa
-Emegide nje

Urolithin A na-ahụkwa nke ọma dị ka mgbakwunye na ngwaahịa protein iji bulie nsonaazụ nke mmega ahụ, yana belata oke ibu.

5.Urolithin A Mmetụta

N'okwu ikpe a na-ekwu banyere mmadụ, ọ nweghị nsogbu ọ bụla metụtara. Na nyocha banyere usoro nke usoro mmụta na usoro ọmụmụ, o yiri ka enwere ihe akaebe nke nkwado maka nchekwa Urolithin A.

Enweghi mmetụta banyere nsị na-egbu egbu, ọbụlagodi n'ọmụmụ ihe metụtara oke ọgwụ enyere oke na ụdị ọmụmụ ahụ.

6.Urolithin A Isi mmalite nri

Dịka e kwuru, Urolithin A n'ụdị njedebe ya apụtaghị n'ụzọ nkịtị. Amabeghị na a ga-ahụ ya na nri ọ bụla. Otú ọ dị, enwere ike ịchọta ihe dị na ogige ahụ na mkpụrụ osisi na mkpụrụ ụfọdụ. Nri nri nwere ellagitannins dika pọmigranet, raspberries, strawberries, cloudberries, na walnuts bụ ụfọdụ ihe atụ.

Ellagitannins dị na mkpụrụ osisi na mkpụrụ osisi ndị a bụ hydrolyzed na eriri afọ iji mepụta acid ellagic, bụ nke a na-emezigharị n'ime eriri afọ ahụ ma jiri microflora gut n'ime Urolithin A.

Ọ dị mkpa iburu n'uche na Urolithin A anaghị adịkarị mgbe a na-etinye ya. Gfọdụ ndị mmadụ anaghị enwe ezigbo ahụike nke microflora dị mkpa iji gbanwee acid ellagic n'ime Urolithin A. Nke a pụtara na ọ bụghị mmadụ niile ga-emepụta Urolithin A na eriri afọ ha ma ọ bụrụ na ha eri pọmigranet, walnuts, ma ọ bụ mkpụrụ beri. Ihe niile dabere na nje bacteria na-adị n'ime ahụ gị.

7.Urolithin A Nrụpụta Usoro

A na-arụ Urolithin A site na njikọta kemịkal site na iji otu usoro abụọ akọwapụtara n'okpuru. Usoro abụọ a gụnyere mmeghachi omume njikọ Ullmann, yana ọgwụgwọ Lewis acid iji nye ngwaahịa urolithin dị ọcha nke ọma.

A na-emecha ngwaahịa ikpeazụ site na usoro ọgwụgwọ na ihe mgbaze, edozi, saa ya, ma kpoo iji nweta urolithin A. A na-emecha ngwaahịa ahụ ka ọ belata nha.

Dabere na usoro ndị e guzobere nke ọma, Urolithin A ntụ ntụ na-arụpụta nke ọma ma mee ka ọ dị ọcha n'ọtụtụ isi iji nweta nkọwa dị ọcha nke 99%. Akụrụngwa na usoro nhazi nke metụtara urolithin A gụnyere 2-Bromo-5-methoxy benzoic acid, 2-Bromo-5-hydroxy benzoic acid, Resorcinol, 50% sodium hydroxide, Copper sulfate pentahydrate, Methanol, Aluminom chloride, Toluene , DMSO, Methanol, Acetic Acid, na TBME (tert-butyl-methyl ether).

8.Synthetic Urolithin A VS Natural Urolithin A

Dịka e kwuru n'elu, Urolithin A bụ mmiri ọgwụ na-enweta nke ellagitannins (ET) ma ọ bụ ellagic acid (EA). Ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ inweta Urolithin A buru ibu, ị ga-ebu ụzọ rie mkpụrụ osisi buru ibu, wee chere ka ha nyefee site na ellagitannins na ellagic acid ka Urolithin A. Usoro a dị ogologo, ma ịdị ọcha ya dị obere, ma nke kachasị mkpa , ọ ga-adị oke ọnụ oke ịme ya.

Ọ bụghị mmadụ niile nwere microflora ziri ezi nke nwere ike ime metabolite. Tụkwasị na nke a, enweghị ike itinye usoro a n'ọrụ maka imepụta oke igwe na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe nke GMP.

Ozi ọma ahụ bụ na, dị ka ihe mpempe akwụkwọ, Urolithin A na-emesị nweta azụmahịa na 2019 site na Cima Science. Enwere ike ịmepụta ya ugbu a na ụlọ nyocha na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe. Ihe urolithin a na-emepụta sịntetik A bụ nke yiri ya na urolithin nke ala A. Ike imepụta ihe ruru 3000 kgs ma ọ bụ 2.5 tọn / ọnwa.

9.Urolithin A Safety

European Union kwadoro Urolithin A dị ka ihe oriri nri.

Nchịkwa nri na ọgwụ ọjọọ na United States (FDA) na 2018 enyela urolithin A ọnọdụ GRAS ya na usoro mgbakwunye nri. GRAS pụtara na Urolithin A na-ahụkarị dị ka ihe dị mma na usoro nke 500mg na 1 gram kwa ọrụ.

Urolithin A na-enyocha nchekwa na usoro nke usoro nyocha na nke ahụike, nke na-akwado nchekwa ahụike ya maka ojiji ọ chọrọ. Ntughari ugha nke ubochi 28 na ubochi 90 nke urolithin A na oke egosighi mmetuta onxicological na ufodu uzo elebara anya n'uzo obula anwale.

10.Welcome Ịzụta Urolithin A / Urolithin A 8-Methyl Ether Bulk Powder si AASraw!

Nchọpụta nke urolithin A, nke na-esite na punicalagins na ellagitannins ogige dị na mkpụrụ pọmigranet, na-enye ohere ọhụụ iji lụso ọdịda afọ metụtara ọrụ mitochondrial na nsonaazụ ike na ọnwụ nke ahụ ike.

Site n'inyere mkpụrụ ndụ aka ime onwe ha ka ọ dịkwuo mma na ime ka akwara nwee ike ịrụ ọrụ, pomegranate wepụ na mmiri ọgwụ ọhụrụ ya, urolithin A — pụrụ inwe ihe ịga nke ọma.

Tinyere nchọpụta ndị a, enwere ihe akaebe na-akwado mmetụta dị ike nke urolithin A nwere megide ọrịa Alzheimer na kansa, na-enyekwa ngwaọrụ ọzọ iji lụso ọnọdụ ndị a na-emebi ihe nke na-emetụta ọtụtụ ndị agadi.

Usoro nri a na-emepe ohere ndị ọkachamara na-ahụ maka ọgwụgwọ ọdịnala achọpụtabeghị. Ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ ịzụta Urolithin A ntụ ntụ / Urolithin A 8-Methyl Ether ntụ ntụ, AASraw nwere ike ịhọrọ dị mma.

11.Urolitin A VS Urolitin B

A na-eji ma Urolithin B na Urolithin A ntụ ntụ mee ihe na mgbakwunye, mana enwere uru ọrụ dị iche iche. Ha na-arụ ọrụ na usoro dị iche iche nke ime ihe. Urolithin A bụ tumadi maka usoro mgbochi ịka nká maka usoro mitophagy ya ebe urolithin B nọ na usoro nri egwuregwu dị ka ihe na-ewuli akwara.

Urolithin A bụ ogige nyocha nke ọma, FDA na-ewerekarị ya dị ka nchekwa (GRAS), ebe urolithin B abụghị. Enwere ụdị mgbakwunye mgbakwunye na-eji urolithin A karịa urolithin B.

Urolithin A na Urolithin B nwere njikọ chiri anya. Mkpụrụ pọmigranet nwere urolithins abụọ a. Mkpụrụ pọmigranet bụ zenith nke mkpụrụ osisi. Mgbe mgbari gbazee, akụkụ ha nwere ike gbanwee site na gut flora ka ọ bụrụ urolithin C wee gbanwee Urolithin D na A, wee gbanwee Urolithin B. N'echiche a, urolithin A nwere ike gbanwee urolithin B.

N'ihi ya, a pụrụ ịhụ obere urolithin B n'ọbara ndị mmadụ na-eri nri na mkpụrụ pọmigranet; Otú ọ dị, ihe ndị na-akpata antioxidant na mgbochi mkpali na-esighị ike karịa urolithins A. Otú ọ dị, urolithin B nwere uru nke ya karịa urolithin A. Ọ na-enwe ike ime ka ọkpụkpụ anụ ahụ dịkwuo elu ma mee ka ọganihu ahụ dịkwuo elu.

12.Urolithin B Nkọwa

Urolithin B bụ urolithin, ụdị ọgwụ phenolic na-emepụta n'ime akụrụ mmadụ mgbe emesịrị nri ellagitannins nwere nri dị ka pọmigranet, strawberries, raspberries, ọbara ọbara ma ọ bụ mmanya na-acha ọbara ọbara. A na-ahụ Urolithin B na mmamịrị n'ụdị urolithin B glucuronide.

Urolithin B bụkwa ngwaahịa sitere n'okike na ọrụ antiproliferative na antioxidant. Urolithin B na-etolite site na metabolism site na polyphenols dị na ụfọdụ mkpụrụ na mkpụrụ osisi, ọkachasị pọmigranet. E gosiputara Urolithin B ka ọ na-agafe mgbochi ụbụrụ ọbara, ọ nwere ike ịnwe mmetụta na-adịghị ahụ maka ọrịa Alzheimer.

13.Urolithin B Mechanism of Action

Ọ na-ebelata mbibi protein na-ebute hypertrophy muscle. Urolithin B na-egbochi ọrụ nke aromatase, enzyme nke na-agbanwe estrogen na testosterone.

Urolithin B bụ ihe okike sitere na ọrụ antiproliferative na antioxidant. Urolithin B na-etolite site na metabolism site na polyphenols dị na ụfọdụ mkpụrụ na mkpụrụ osisi, ọkachasị pọmigranet. E gosiputara Urolithin B ka ọ gafere mgbochi ụbụrụ ọbara, ọ nwere ike ịnwe nsonaazụ neuroprotective megide Ọrịa Alzheimer.

14.Urolitin B Ngwa

Mgbe ị na-amụ ihe mgbochi mkpali na antioxidant nke urolithins A na B, ndị nchọpụta UCL mere nchọpụta na nke ikpeazụ nwere mmetụta nchekwa na akwara. Mkpụrụ ndụ akwara na omenaala ndị metụrụ urolithin B buru ibu karịa ndị na-anọghị. Anyị chọrọ ịma ihe kpatara ya.

Nke mbụ, ha mụtara ihe dị na vitro ma chọpụta urolithin B nwere mmetụta abụọ: ọ na-eme ka njikọ protein muscle rụọ ọrụ ma na-ebelata mbibi.

Nke abuo, ndị nyocha ahụ mụtara mmetụta nke urolithin B na vivo, na ụmụ oke. 'Ọ mere ka ha nwekwuo nkwalite', Prọfesọ Francaux na-ekwu. 'Anyị gwakwara ya ụmụ oke nwere akwara ụkwụ nke na-akpata mkpọnwụ ụkwụ, na mfu ahụ na-esochi mere 20 ka 30% obere ngwa ngwa na obere.

15. Mmetụta nke Urolitin B

Urolithin B bụ otu n'ime gutrobial metabolites nke ellagitannins, ma nwee mgbochi mkpali na antioxidant mmetụta. Urolithin B na-egbochi ọrụ NF-byB site na mbenata phosphorylation na mbibi nke IκBα, ma na-egbochi phosphorylation nke JNK, ERK, na Akt, ma na-eme ka phosphorylation nke AMPK dịkwuo mma. Urolithin B bụkwa onye na-achịkwa akwara ọkpụkpụ.

(1). Urolithin B na-ebelata ọnwụ nke ahụ ike na-emetụta site na denervation
(2). Urolithin B na-ebute hypertrophy nke akwara skeletal na ụmụ oke
(3). A na-echekwa mmetụta anabolic nke urolithin B site na androgen receptor
(4). Urolithin B na-akpali njikọ protein na C2C12 myotubes site na ime ihe nrịbama mTORC1
(5). Urolithin B na-egbochi mmebi nke protein site na ịmelata ụzọ ubiquitin – proteasome
(6). Urolithin B na-eme ka ọdịiche nke C2C12 myotubes dịkwuo mma

Reference

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